The European Commission's main objection focused on the impact that the purchase of Air Europa could have on competition within the European market and on international routes. The authorities feared that the merger would create a monopoly on certain routes, reducing competition and consequently harming consumers with higher prices and less choice. Despite IAG's attempts to mitigate these concerns through concessions and compromises, the European Commission decided not to approve the transaction.

The European Commission's rejection reflected an increasingly stringent approach to mergers and acquisitions in the aviation sector, where regulations have been tightening to prevent excessive market concentration. This approach is part of a broader trend of protecting competition in key sectors, especially in times of global economic uncertainty.

IAG announced its decision to abandon the takeover in a recent statement, citing the impossibility of meeting the requirements imposed by the European Commission. The airline stressed that, despite its efforts to adapt the deal to regulatory requirements, the current context and the complexity of the process made the transaction unfeasible.

For IAG, the cancellation of the Air Europa acquisition represents a significant strategic loss. The acquisition had been designed to strengthen its route network and its presence in important markets. The failure to integrate Air Europa means that IAG will have to rethink its expansion strategy and look for new ways to grow in a market that is becoming increasingly competitive.

On the other hand, the cancellation of the purchase has important implications for Air Europa. The airline will have to continue to operate independently, facing the challenges of the post-pandemic recovery and increasing competition in the sector. Uncertainty about its future and possible internal restructuring could be some of the immediate consequences for the Spanish airline.

For consumers, the cancellation of the purchase of Air Europa could bring both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, maintaining greater competition in the European market may translate into more flight options and more competitive prices. However, there could also be a lack of consolidation in certain market segments that could have simplified and potentially reduced airline operating costs.

From a market standpoint, the cancellation highlights the increasing difficulty of making large mergers in the aviation sector. Regulatory challenges are increasingly complex and stringent, reflecting a concern to maintain competition in a market where consolidation could limit consumer choice and raise prices.

IAG's decision to cancel the purchase of Air Europa also underscores the need for adaptability in airline corporate strategy. Companies must be prepared to adjust their business plans in the face of regulatory changes and unexpected market dynamics. For IAG and other European airlines, this could mean seeking new growth opportunities through strategic partnerships, service innovations or adaptations to new market demands.